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Barium enema

A barium enema is a procedure (done through a special x-ray) for examining the large bowel (colon and rectum).

Normal x-rays provide limited information about the bowel, so a substance called barium sulphate is put into the bowel to produce a better picture. Barium sulphate is a fine, heavy, white, odourless powder that can be formed into a suspension in the form of a watery paste. It is insoluble and non-poisonous. It coats the inside of the bowel and makes it easier to see on the x-rays.

If examination of the large intestine (bowel) is necessary the barium sulphate is put directly into the rectum by way of the back- passage (anus). This is called a barium enema. If however the stomach or small intestine is to be investigated the barium sulphate can taken by mouth in a procedure called a barium meal.

• What is it used for?
• Complications
• Why is it necessary?
• How is it performed?

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