Causes of Blepharitis

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The exact cause is not known but people who have dandruff or dry skin conditions seem more prone to blepharitis.

Blepharitis can affect anyone, but is more common in the older age group.

The eyelids have tiny glands in them that make substances that mix with tears, which lubricate the eyes to keep them comfortable. If the glands block, your eyes donâ€™t get enough of the chemicals that they need to keep them greased properly, leading to dry patches developing on the surface of the eye. These patches make the eyes feel sore or gritty.

Some cases are allergic, and many can start from when you are a small child or baby as part of the condition known as atopy. Atopy shows itself by producing eczema, asthma or hay fever; and people with atopy may also develop blepharitis.

There are two specific types of blepharitis:

Anterior blepharitis affects the outside front of the eyelid, where the eyelashes are attached. The two most common causes of anterior blepharitis are bacteria (Staphylococcus) and scalp dandruff.
Posterior blepharitis affects the inner eyelid (the moist part that makes contact with the eye) and is caused by problems with the oil glands in this part of the eyelid. Two skin disorders can cause this type: rosacea, which leads to red flushing and inflamed skin, and scalp dandruff.

In some cases blepharitis is caused by an infection of the eyelids with the same kind of germs that cause boils. Infections with these germs can lead to styes or small ulcers forming on the lids.

Blepharitis has also been linked with exposure to chemical fumes, smoke and other pollutions and irritants.