Breast reduction

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Breast size is determined by genes, hormones, body frame and weight.

For the majority of women, their breast size is proportionate to their body frame. However, some women have particularly large breasts and this can cause psychological distress and physical discomfort. A breast reduction, also called a reduction mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure in which the excess fat and skin is removed to reduce the weight and volume of the breasts.

The problem of overly large breasts can develop during adolescence because the breasts are over-sensitive to the hormone oestrogen. Alternatively, large breasts may develop in later life following the menopause or the use of HRT. Some women may have a noticeable asymmetry (difference in size or shape) between the breasts; in extreme cases surgery may be undertaken to reduce the larger one.

As a breast reduction is not vital to your health, it is known as cosmetic surgery. To qualify for cosmetic surgery you must meet specific criteria as set out by your local health authority. To receive cosmetic surgery from the NHS, you will normally need a referral from your GP, a consultation with a plastic surgeon and an assessment by a psychiatrist or psychologist. It will then be decided if there is enough social, psychological or physical benefit to be gained to justify surgery.

There is some evidence that a breast reduction may decrease the chances of developing breast cancer.[1]