Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List
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Prevention of Cancer of the breast
Although there is no guaranteed way of preventing breast cancer, early detection can help to prevent the spread of cancer. It is very important to be aware of the look and feel of your breasts, and the way in which they change during your menstural cycle. There is no such thing as a standard breast, and your breasts will also look and feel different over time. However, being ‘breast aware’ can help you to recognise changes that are not normal to you. The types of things to look out for include:
- new lumps or bumpy areas in a breast or armpit;
- a change in the outline or shape of a breast;
- discomfort or pain;
- a non-milky nipple discharge;
- dimpling, scaling or discolouration of the skin; and
- a nipple rash, or a change in nipple position - pulled in or pointing differently.
Tell your GP if you notice any unusual changes.
There are some factors that can increase your risk of getting breast cancer. They include:
- drinking a lot of alcohol;
- obesity in post-menopausal women;
- starting puberty early;
- getting older;
- having no children or having children at a later age; and
- having a family history of breast cancer.
Following a healthy lifestyle can reduce your risk of breast cancer and many other diseases too. General guidance is:
- Stop smoking;
- Cut down on fat, especially animal fats;
- Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables (about 5 portions every day);
- Eat plenty of fibre (eg wholemeal bread and cereals like oats or muesli);
- Drink alcohol in moderation (3-4 units per day or less for men; 2-3 units or less per day for women); and
- Take regular exercise (a brisk 30 minute walk, three times per week as a minimum).
If there is a history of breast cancer in your family, it is particularly important that you are aware of the look and feel of your breasts, and report any changes to your GP.
