Complications of Diabetes

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If diabetes is not treated, it can lead to many different health problems. This is because large amounts of glucose can damage the blood vessels, nerves and organs.

It is important to keep a check on your blood pressure to prevent problems such as heart disease, stroke, angina and poor circulation. You should monitor it regularly and try to make sure it stays at the right level by having a healthy lifestyle. This means having a healthy diet, stopping smoking and avoiding stress.

Blood flow problems can lead to nerve damage in the hands and feet. About 1 in 10 people with diabetes get foot ulcers, which can cause serious infection. As well as keeping your diabetes under control with the treatment your GP has advised, you should also take good care of your feet. Keep your nails short and your feet clean. Wear shoes that fit properly and see a podiatrist or chiropodist regularly so that any problems are found early.

Blood flow problems can also cause blindness, cataracts and retinopathy (damage to the back of the eyes). Your GP should examine your eyes regularly.

Over time, excessive urination and damage to blood vessels can also damage the kidneys.

Diabetes can also lead to impotence in some men, which may be treated with medication.

Pregnant women with diabetes are at risk of complications. Pregnant diabetic women should usually have their antenatal check-ups in hospital or in a diabetic clinic, where doctors can keep a close watch on blood sugar levels and control insulin dosage more easily.