Treatment of Kidney stones

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A special operating telescope (Fibre optic endoscope) can be passed through the skin to open the urine collecting system, or into the bladder through the urethra, and retrieve the stones in a loop or basket. An alternative is to break them up by ultrasound energy. This is called extracorporeal lithotripsy. Focused acoustic shock waves are used to break up the stones. The fragments are then passed naturally in the urine.