Health encyclopaedia

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Causes of Lazy eye

The medical name for lazy eye is amblyopia. The main types are:

Strabismic Amblyopia 

This is the most common cause of amblopia. It is usually caused by a squint (strabismus) in one eye, which means the eyes look in different directions. To avoid double vision, the brain only ‘sees’ images from the normal eye. Over a short period the squinting eye will become ‘lazy’ because it is not being used.

Anisometropic amblyopia

This happens when one eye is more long sighted (hypermetropia) or short sighted (myopia) than the other. The image on the back of one eye becomes blurry. If this is not treated at an early age, the brain is never able to form clear images.

Ametropic amblyopia

This affects both eyes. It is usually due to undiagnosed long-sightedness or astigmatism (an eye focussing problem). It causes the image on the back of both eyes to be blurry.

Stimulus Deprivation Amblyopia

This is a rare form of amblyopia, but it can be severe. It affects one or both eyes. It may be caused by:

• an eye disease such as a corneal ulcer or scar,
• congenital cataract (clouding of the lens of the eye present from birth), or
• glaucoma.

It can also be caused by a droopy eyelid (ptosis or blepharoptosis) that covers the pupil or from injury or surgery to the eye.

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