Complications of Neurofibromatosis

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NF1: Complications are experienced by about one-third of people with NF1. Mild learning difficulties are common. Nerve roots can become compressed. If the gut (intestine) is affected, bleeding into the gut and obstruction are possible. In the bone, cysts can form, and joint problems and back deformity can happen. Six per cent of people with NF1 suffer high blood pressure because of effects on the main artery to the kidney or adrenal gland. Five per cent suffer problems with cancers â€“ optic glioma (on the main nerve to the eye), or any neurofibroma becoming malignant anywhere. There is a slightly increased risk of epilepsy.

NF2: The main complications are problems with the nerves from the brain (cranial nerves) into the head and upper body, the nerve roots in the spine and the nerves in the body (peripheral nerves). Forty-five per cent suffer swellings on the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.