Causes of Otitis externa

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Otitis externa may be a local disorder affecting the ear only, or it may be part of a general skin inflammation. The condition can be caused by a wide variety of germs. Staphylococci may cause a painful boil in the canal. Herpes viruses, both herpes simplex and herpes zoster, may cause the characteristic blisters (vesicles) and crusting.

Less commonly, fungi of various kinds, including thrush (Candida albicans), may cause persistent inflammation that can be hard to clear up. Fungus infection of the ear is called otomycosis. Eczema and seborrhoeic dermatitis are also common causes of otitis externa. Infection of the ear canal can be caused by scratching inside the ear with a fingernail or other object. This should be avoided as it may cause further damage to the skin.