Causes of Pelvic inflammatory disease

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At least sixty per cent of cases of PID are caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI). The bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis (Chlamydia) are the cause in almost half the cases of PID in Britain. Gonococcal infection (gonorrhoea, caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae) is responsible in about 14 per cent of cases. About 8 per cent of women with PID are infected with both types of bacteria.

Rarely, pelvic inflammatory disease originates in the bowel or may spread to the pelvic organs by way of the bloodstream.

Chlamydia trachomatis is now the most common sexually transmitted bacterial disease in the Western world. Up to 80 per cent of infected women are unaware of the fact that they are infected, as only some people show symptoms of the disease, which contributes to the spread of chlamydia.

In August 2001 the Public Health Laboratory Service published figures to show that the rise in sexually transmitted infections since 1995 is continuing, with increasing numbers of new diagnoses in young women.

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