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Causes of Post-traumatic stress disorder
The chances of going on to develop PTSD are increased when there is:
- exposure to the traumatic event at an early age,
- previous long-lasting childhood trauma or abuse,
- lack of practical social support,
- other stressful events happening in the person's life,
There may be a genetic factor involved, so some people will have more susceptibility to going on to develop PTSD,
The hippocampus (part of the brain that is important to memory and emotions) appears different in MRI scans in those with PTSD. Researchers believe that changes to the hippocampus are related to intrusive memory problems and flashbacks.
Studies have shown that there are abnormal levels of hormones involved in the response to stress are seen in those with PTSD.
People in danger normally produce natural opiates. These chemicals trigger a reaction in the body when put under extreme stress or into a "fight or flight" situation. They deaden the senses and dull the pain. It has been found that people with PTSD continue to produce high levels when there is no danger. This may cause them to have feelings of detachment and blunted emotions.
