Causes of Q Fever

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Q fever is caused by a small germ called Coxiella burnetii. This is found in farm animals such as sheep, cattle and goats. It is passed in the faeces, urine and milk, and is also found in the meat of these animals.

The germ occurs in great numbers in the placenta (afterbirth) of an infected animal. In dry areas, the disease may be contracted by inhaling dust contaminated with dried faeces, urine or afterbirth.

Untreated milk is another source. The disease may also be acquired by the bite of various insects, such as ticks, which are commonly infected.