Treatment of Testicular lumps, benign

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Treatment of the hydrocele largely depends on age and level of discomfort, and it is common to be referred to a urinary system specialist (urologist) for a decision.

In infants hydroceles may subside by age 6 months without any treatment.
In adults they may cause no problems or risks so can be left alone.
Antibiotics may be given if the hydrocele appears to be caused by an infection.
A minor operation may be performed in hospital to empty the scrotum membrane of excess fluid (aspiration, also known as a hydrocelectomy).
Suspected testicular cancer requires further tests and specialist advice.
Infants with a hernia also present have an operation to repair the hernia, and at the same time close the passage through which the testicles descend, which may have been allowing fluid to pass into the hydrocele.

Most people with a varicocele do not require any treatment. Surgery may be advised if the varicocele is causing discomfort or fertility is an issue. This involves either tying off the enlarged veins or injecting a special chemical substance into the veins to block them. The procedures are usually performed as day cases under a general anaesthetic, and take approximately 45 minutes to perform. There is a chance of re-occurrence after the procedure and further treatment may be needed.

Epididymal cysts are harmless, and usually small and painless and no treatment is usually needed. If, however, a cyst becomes uncomfortable, then surgical removal may be advised.

Torsion of the testicle usually comes on suddenly and requires surgery within approximately six hours of onset in order to restore blood flow and save the testicle. Treatment involves an operation to untwist the testicle and then to fix it in position, to prevent it from becoming twisted again. The other testicle is usually fixed at the same time