Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单

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Causes of Allergies过敏的原因

Allergies are caused by the body’s immune system reacting to allergens as if they were harmful.过敏所造成bodyâ € ™ s免疫系统作出反应，过敏原，因为如果他们有害的。 The immune system does this by making antibodies to fight off the allergen.免疫系统，这是否使抗体对抗过敏原。 Antibodies are  special proteins made in the immune system to fight off viruses and infections that could harm us.抗体是特殊的蛋白质所取得的免疫系统对抗病毒和感染的可能伤害我们。

When the body comes into contact with an allergen, the antibody released is called Immunoglobulin E (IgE) This  antibody causes other blood cells to release more chemicals (including histamine), which together cause the symptoms of an allergic reaction.当人体接触到过敏原与一，抗体的释放是所谓的免疫球蛋白E （ IgE的）这个抗体的原因，其他的血细胞，以释放更多的化学品（包括组胺） ，其中一起造成的症状过敏反应。 Histamine causes most of the typical symptoms that happen in allergic reaction:组胺的原因，大部分的典型症状发生在过敏反应：

  • It makes muscles contract, including those in the walls of the air tubes of your lungs.它使肌肉的合同，包括那些在墙壁上的空气管你的肺部。
  • It increases the amount of fluid that is released from small veins, so that membranes swell.它增加的液量，这是释放出的小静脉，使膜膨胀。
  • It increases the amount of mucus produced in your nose lining and causes local itching and burning.它增加的数额产生的粘液在您的鼻子衬砌及成因当地瘙痒和焚烧。

Atopy: 过敏：

Some people are predisposed to allergy.有些人是倾向于过敏。 This means they are more likely to develop an allergy because it runs in their family.这意味着他们更有可能发展一种过敏，因为它违背了在他们的家庭。 If you are predisposed to an allergy, the condition is called atopy.如果您是倾向于一过敏，条件是所谓的过敏。 People who are atopic are more likely to develop allergies because their body produces more IgE antibody than normal.人谁是过敏性更有可能发展过敏，因为他们的身体产生更多的IgE抗体较正常。

Although atopy is inherited, environmental factors also play a part in the development of allergic disorders.虽然过敏是遗传，环境因素也发挥了一部分，在发展的过敏性疾病。 This is why not all members of a family are affected to the same extent.这就是为什么并非所有家庭成员都受影响，在相同的程度。 The amount of contact you have with allergens in your first years of life is particularly important.金额与您联系，已与过敏原在您的头几年的生活是特别重要的。 For example, constant exposure to cigarette smoke, house dust mites, pollens, pets and certain foods makes you more likely to become allergic to them.举例来说，经常暴露于香烟烟雾，屋尘螨，花粉，宠物和某些食物让你更有可能成为过敏给他们。 Air pollution, processed foods and frequent use of antibiotics all seem to make us more likely to develop allergies as well.空气污染，加工食品和频繁使用抗生素似乎都使我们更有可能发展，以及过敏。

There are thousands of allergens.有数以千计的过敏原。 Some of the most common include:一些最常见的包括：

  • House and dust mites,众议院和尘螨，
  • Grass and tree pollens,草地和树木花粉，
  • Pet skin flakes or hair,宠物皮肤薄片或头发，
  • Fungal or mould spores,真菌或霉菌孢子，
  • Food (milk, egg, wheat, soya, seafood, fruit and nuts)食物（牛奶，鸡蛋，小麦，大豆，海鲜，水果及坚果）
  • Wasp and bee stings,黄蜂和蜜蜂螫到，
  • Certain medication,某些药物，
  • Latex , and乳胶，
  • Nickel, rubber, preservatives and chemical resins.镍，橡胶制品，化学防腐剂和树脂。