Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单

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Cancer of the bone癌症骨

There are two kinds of bone cancer.有两种骨肿瘤。 The most common kind spreads from a cancer in another organ, and is called secondary bone cancer.最常见的一种传播，从癌症在另一器官，是所谓的二次骨癌症。 This topic is about primary bone cancer, which starts in the bone itself.这个题目是关于原发性骨肿瘤，开始在骨本身。 The way that secondary bone cancers grow and are treated  is quite different to primary bone cancer.的方式，中学骨癌症的成长和治疗是相当不同的原发性骨肿瘤。

Primary bone cancer is extremely rare - it only affects one person in a million, and mainly those between the ages of 10 and 20 years old.原发性骨肿瘤是非常罕见的-它不仅影响一个人在一个万人，主要是那些年龄介于1 0至2 0岁。 There are fewer than 550 new cases in the UK each year.有不少于550的新病例，在英国每年。

The main type of primary bone cancer is osteosarcoma.主要类型的原发性骨肿瘤是骨肉瘤。 This usually appears at the lower end of the thighbone (femur) or the knee joint, but it can appear in other long bones.这通常出现在低端的股骨（股骨）或膝关节，但它可以出现在其他长骨。 It destroys bone and spreads rapidly, both into the surrounding tissues and then further away throughout the body.它破坏了骨和迅速传播，无论是到周围组织，然后进一步远离整个身体。 The cancer cells produce a bony substance called osteoid, which builds up into lumps on the bone.癌细胞产生的物质称为骨骨，积聚成肿块对骨。

Other types of primary bone cancer include:其他类型的原发性骨肿瘤，包括：

  • Ewing’s sarcoma or Ewing’s tumour. Cells of this type of cancer look different from osteosarcoma cells. ewingâ € ™肉瘤或ewingâ € ™ s肿瘤细胞的这种类型的癌症研究不同的骨肉瘤细胞。 It most commonly affects the pelvis, thighbone and shinbone.它最常见的影响骨盆，股骨和胫骨。
  • Chondrosarcoma. This type of cancer begins in the cells that make cartilage, the stretchy tough material in joints. 软骨肉瘤，这类型的癌症开始在细胞，使软骨， stretchy强硬的材料在关节。 It can form in the cartilage, within a bone, or on the surface of a bone.它可以形成在软骨，骨，或在表面上的一个骨。 Unlike more common bone cancers, it is usually found in people aged between 40 and 75 years.不同于较常见的骨肿瘤，这通常是发现在人年龄介乎四十至75岁。
  • Spindle cell sarcomas, such as malignant fibrous histocytoma, fibrosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. 梭形细胞肉瘤，如恶性纤维组织细胞瘤，纤维肉瘤，平滑肌肉瘤。 They are very similar to osteosarcomas but unlike osteosarcomas, they do not produce the bony substance, osteoid.他们非常相似，但不同的骨肉瘤骨肉瘤，他们不产生骨的物质，骨质。
  • Chordoma. This is an extremely rare cancer that begins in the bones of the spine. 脊索瘤，这是一种极为罕见的癌症开始在骨头的脊椎。