Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单
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Gallstones胆结石
The gall bladder is a small sac lying on the underside of the liver.胆囊是一个小国资委倒卧于下方的肝脏。 Bile (also called gall) is a greenish-brown liquid produced by the liver. It is stored and concentrated in the gall bladder and passed into the small intestine through the bile ducts to help with digestion, mainly of fats.胆汁（也称为胆）是一种绿色褐色液体所产生的肝，这是存储和集中在胆囊，并通过进入小肠通过胆管，以帮助消化，主要是脂肪。
Gallstones are hard pieces of stone-like material, round, oval, or faceted, commonly occurring in the gall bladder or the bile duct.胆结石是很难件石类材料，圆，椭圆形，或面，普遍发生在胆囊或胆管。
Most gallstones are about the size of a pea, but in some cases there can be many very small stones, like fine gravel, or a single stone so large that it completely fills the gall bladder. They are more common in women than in men and about 1 in 10 older adults have gallstones.大部分胆结石是大小约豌豆，但在某些情况下，可以有很多非常小的石块，像罚款砾石，或一个单一的石头这么大，它完全填补了胆，他们是较为常见的女性比男性和约1 10个老年人有胆结石。
Most gallstones are made up of cholesterol, chalk (calcium carbonate), calcium bilirubinate, or a mixture of these. They are more likely to occur if the composition of the bile is abnormal, if the outlet from the gall bladder is blocked or has a local infection, or if there is a family history of gallstones.大部分胆结石是成立的胆固醇，粉笔（碳酸钙） ，胆红素钙，或混合了这些，他们更有可能出现，如果组成的胆汁是不正常的，如果出口从胆囊阻塞，或有一局部感染，或者如果是有家族病史，胆囊结石。
Most gallstones cause no trouble.大部分胆结石的原因，没有麻烦。 But the presence of stones may lead to inflammation of the gall bladder (cholecystitis), and may block the bile duct, leading to obstructive jaundice.但在场的石块，可能导致发炎的胆囊（胆囊炎） ，并可能阻碍胆管，导致梗阻性黄疸。 The passage of a gallstone down the bile duct into the duodenum is a very painful experience, known as biliary colic.通过一项胆石下来，胆管进入十二指肠是一个非常惨痛的经验，被称为胆绞痛。
