Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单
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Head injury头部外伤
Bumps and knocks to the head are quite common, particularly among children.坎坷和击向头部相当普遍，特别是儿童。 As long as the person is conscious, and there is no deep cut or damage to the head such as broken bone, then there is usually no damage to the brain.只要该人是自觉地，并没有深削减或损坏的头部，如骨折的话，通常有没有损害到大脑。
However, with any head injury there is a chance that a blood vessel in the brain could have been damaged.然而，与任何头部受伤，有机会的血管在大脑中可能已损坏。 This may cause bleeding in the brain (haemorrhage) and it can take a long time for any noticeable symptoms to develop.这可能会导致脑出血（出血） ，它可以需要很长的时间，为任何明显症状的发展。 Head injuries can cause symptoms hours or days later, so people who have had a head injury need to take special care.头部受伤可能会导致症状几小时或几天后，所以人们谁曾头部受伤，需要采取特别的照顾。 If you are worried in any way, get the injury checked by your GP or at A&E, or speak to a nurse advisor by telephoning NHS Direct.如果你是担心以任何方式，获得损伤检查你的家庭医生或在急症室，或发言，一名护士顾问致电国民保健服务直接。 Friends and family should also be alerted, to look out for warning signs that their injuries may be serious (see Symptoms).家人和朋友也应提高警觉，留意警告迹象表明，他们的受伤可能是严重（见症状） 。
Severe head injuries usually mean that the brain has been damaged.头部严重受伤，通常意味着大脑受到损害。 Despite the protective bone covering of the skull, the brain surface can get torn and bruised as it bumps against the skull, and blood vessels and nerves can rip.尽管保护骨覆盖的头骨，脑表面可以得到蹂躏和瘀伤，因为它颠簸对头骨，和血管和神经，可以撷取。 Any of these injuries can cause bleeding, swelling or fluid build-up in the head, putting great pressure on the brain and sometimes causing brain damage.任何这类伤害是可以造成出血，肿胀或流体集结在头部，构成重大压力对大脑，有时造成的脑损伤。 Brain damage caused by a head injury is usually referred to as Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).脑损伤所造成的头部受伤，通常被称为创伤性脑损伤（ TBI的） 。
Head injuries are either closed or penetrating.头部受伤，要么关闭或穿透。 A closed head injury is when a blunt object hits the head, but in a penetrating injury the object breaks through the skull and into the brain.一个封闭的颅脑损伤是当一个钝器击中头部，但在穿通伤的对象休息，经颅到大脑。 Concussion is a type of closed head injury, when the brain is shaken by the blow and the person passes out (loses consciousness) for a short period.震荡是一种封闭，头部外伤，当大脑是动摇的冲击和该人通过了（失去意识）为在短期内。
Head injury is one of the most common reasons why people in England have to visit hospital. About one million people will be treated for head injuries in the next year and almost 12,000 of those injuries will be severe, with the person having been unconscious for 6 hours or more.颅脑损伤是一种最常见的原因是人们为什么在英格兰有访问医院。约有100万人将接受治疗的头部受伤，在未来的一年，几乎12000那些受伤的将是严重的，与该人已昏迷6小时或以上。 Many people who have had serious head injuries are not well enough to return to work within five years of their accident.很多人谁曾头部严重受伤，是不是不够好返回工作五年之内他们的意外。
