Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单
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When should it be done?应该在什么时候，它做什么？ of Hearing and vision tests for children听力和视力测试，为儿童
Routine tests 例行检验
Babies can respond to sights and sounds from an early age.婴儿可以回应的景象和声音从幼年起。 Midwives and hospital staff carry out a number of tests on every newborn baby.助产士和医院员工进行一系列的测试，每一个初生婴儿。 These tests help find any problems that a child is born with.这些测试有助于发现任何问题，一个孩子出生。 These include genetic (inherited) conditions such as being born with cataracts, or the results of any infections caught by the mother during pregnancy.这些措施包括遗传（继承）的条件，如出生，与白内障，或任何结果受感染的母亲在怀孕期间。 For example, there is a small risk that a woman who catches rubella during pregnancy might have a child with hearing impairment.举例来说，有一个小的风险，一名女子谁捕捞的渔获，在怀孕期间感染德国麻疹可能有一个儿童与听觉受损。 In 2000 the government announced that every newborn baby in the UK would have a hearing test within 48 hours of birth.在2000年，政府宣布每一个新生婴儿，在英国将有一个听力测验在48小时内出生。 This should be implemented by the end of 2005.这应该是实施2005年年底。
Premature babies are more likely to have early problems with their hearing and sight, such as crossed eyes or a squint.早产儿更可能有早期的问题，与他们的听觉和视线，如越过眼睛，或斜视。 These may get better without treatment as the baby gets older, but it is worth detecting them in case treatment is needed.这些可能会得到更好的作为没有接受治疗的婴儿得到较旧的，但它是值得的检测，他们在案件的处理是必要的。 All premature babies and babies that have low weight when they are born should have routine eye tests for retinopathy of prematurity and other eye problems, as the eyes finish developing late in pregnancy.所有早产儿和婴儿有低体重，当他们出生，应该有例行视力测试，为早产儿视网膜病变和其他眼部健康有问题，作为发展中国家的眼睛完成后期在怀孕。
A health visitor will usually check your baby’s hearing and vision sometime between 10 days and 6 weeks after birth.一个健康的访客通常会检查您的babyâ € ™ s听力和视力之间10天， 6周后出生。 This is when you are no longer under the immediate care of your midwife.这是当你不再根据即时照顾您的助产士。
You will also be invited to take your baby for further development checks at 6-9 months, 18-24 months, 3-3.5 years, and around the time your child starts primary school.您也将应邀采取您的宝宝，为进一步发展检查，在6-9个月， 18-24个月内， 3-3.5年，和周围的时间，您的孩子开始上小学。
Hearing tests may be carried out during routine development checks.听力测验可能会期间进行的例行检查的发展。 The exact timetable for tests depends on the policies of your local primary care trust (PCT), and on whether your child has shown signs of hearing difficulties.确切的时间表，测试依赖于政策您当地的基层医疗服务信托基金（厘） ，和对您的孩子是否有迹象显示听觉困难。 In the future, the government plans that a sight test should be given by an orthoptist (a specialist in vision and eye abnormalities) between the ages of 4 and 5 years.在未来，政府计划在一个视力测试应考虑由一个orthoptist （专科在视觉和眼睛异常） ，年龄介于4日和5年。 In some areas this already happens, or a school nurse carries out hearing and sight tests when a child first starts school.在一些地区，这已经发生，或一所学校护士进行聆讯，并视测试时，孩子第一次启动学校。
The school nurse often carries out a further health check in Year 7, the start of secondary school, when children are aged 11.学校的护士，往往进行了进一步的健康检查在今年7月，开始中学，当孩子11岁。 After this age it is usually up to the individual child to visit their school nurse with any health concerns.之后，这个年龄，这是通常最多个别儿童的访问他们的学校护士与任何对健康的关注。
You can always see the health visitor or school nurse at any time, if you have any concerns.你总能看到健康的旅客或学校的护士在任何时间，如果您有任何的关注。 You do not have to wait for a routine appointment.你不须要等待例行任命。
Additional tests 额外的测试
Eye tests are free to children up to the age of 16.眼科测试，都是免费的儿童到16岁以上的。 It’s worth taking advantage of this for regular eye checks at your optician, even if you and your child are not aware of any particular sight problem. itâ € ™ s值得考虑的优势，这为定期眼睛检查，在您的配镜师，即使您和您的孩子不知道有任何特别视线的问题。 You might also be referred to an optician for an eye test if your child has regular headaches, which can be caused by straining the eyes.您也可能会被转介至一配镜师为一眼科测试，如果您的孩子有经常头痛，可所造成的紧张眼睛是雪亮的。
Hearing tests should be given after certain conditions that can cause hearing loss.听力测试应给予一定的条件后，可导致听力损失。 These include:这些措施包括：
- Bacterial meningitis,细菌性脑膜炎，
- Prolonged treatment with ototoxic drugs (drugs that can cause hearing loss, such as certain antibiotics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, if given in particular situations or doses),长期的治疗与耳毒性药物（毒品可导致听力损失，如某些抗生素或非甾体抗炎药，如果在特定情况下或剂量） ，
- Severe head injury.重型颅脑损伤。
You should always visit your GP for initial tests if you are worried about your child’s hearing or vision.您应经常访问你的家庭医生进行初步测试，如果你是担心你的childâ € ™ s听觉或视觉。
