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Causes of Incontinence, urinary原因尿失禁，尿

The bladder is a muscular bag that collects urine.膀胱是一个肌袋收集尿液。 It is located in the middle of the pelvis at the lowest point in the abdomen, immediately behind the pubic bone.它坐落在中骨盆在最低点，在腹部，立即背后的耻骨。

A small amount of urine drips constantly from your kidneys to your bladder through tubes called ureters.少量的尿液滴，不断从您的肾脏到您的膀胱，通过管所谓的输尿管。 The amount of urine made depends on a number of things including how much you drink, eat and sweat.金额尿液所作的，取决于很多事情，包括有多少你喝，吃和汗水。

The bladder relaxes and stretches like a balloon as it fills with urine.膀胱放宽和伸展就像一个气球，因为它填补了尿。 The bladder normally fills up without you noticing to about 280ml of urine.膀胱通常填满了没有你看到约二八零毫升的尿液。 A full bladder contains about 350ml of urine.全面膀胱含有大约三百五十毫升的尿液。 When it is full, you start to experience pain and an urgent need to empty the bladder.当它充分，你开始体验到的痛苦和迫切需要清空膀胱。

The outlet for urine (the urethra) is normally kept closed even when it is under pressure from a full bladder.出路尿（尿道）是通常保持关闭，甚至当它的压力下，从全膀胱。 The ring of muscle at the opening at the neck of the bladder is called the sphincter.环肌在开幕式上，在颈部膀胱是所谓的括约肌。 The muscles beneath the bladder that surround the urethra are called the pelvic floor muscles.肌肉下方的膀胱周围的尿道被称为盆底肌肉。 Your pelvic floor muscles help to hold your bladder and urethra in place.您的盆底肌肉，帮助进行您的膀胱尿道在地方。 When the muscles get weak, it is hard to stop urine from leaking out.当肌肉得到薄弱，是很难阻止尿液从外泄。

When you go to the toilet to pass urine, the bladder muscle contracts (squeezes), and the urethra and pelvic floor muscles relax.当你去厕所，通过尿液，膀胱肌肉合同（挤压） ，以及尿道和盆底肌肉放松。 Complex nerve messages are sent between the brain, the bladder, and the pelvic floor muscles.复杂的神经传送邮件之间的脑，膀胱，骨盆底肌肉。 These make you aware of how full your bladder is and tell the right muscles to contract, or relax, at the right time.这些让您了解如何充分您的膀胱是告诉的权利，肌肉收缩，或放宽，在正确的时间。

Causes of incontinence may include:尿失禁的原因可能包括：

  • Physical disabilities or mobility issues that prevent you getting to the toilet in time;身体残疾或流动性问题，防止你去厕所的时间;
  • Side effects of drugs you are taking, particularly drugs that cause you to produce or retain more urine or blood pressure drugs that relax the sphincter;副作用的药物，您正在服用的，特别是药物引起你生产或保留更多的尿液或血液的压力，药物放宽括约肌;
  • Constipation (a full rectum can affect bladder function by direct pressure);便秘（全面直肠可以影响膀胱功能的直接压力） ;
  • Untreated diabetes;未经处理的糖尿病;
  • Having surgery in the pelvic area including hysterectomy;经手术治疗骨盆区，包括子宫切除术;
  • Having a tumour or lump in the pelvic area.有一个肿瘤或整在骨盆区。

Causes of stress incontinence may include:原因， 应力性尿失禁的可能包括：

  • Pregnancy;妊娠;
  • Being overweight - this puts stress on the muscles;超重-这使得应力对肌肉;
  • Injuring or straining the area when giving birth to a child or children;受伤或紧张，该地区时，生了孩子或儿童;
  • The weakening of the muscles as you get older, especially after the menopause;弱化肌肉正如你年纪后，特别是更年期;
  • Damage to muscles around the sphincter following prostate surgery (men only);损害周围的肌肉括约肌以下前列腺手术（男子只） ;
  • In women after the menopause, the lack of oestrogen can lead to a weakening of the muscles associated with the bladder and the urethral sphincter.在妇女绝经后，由于缺乏雌激素，可导致削弱肌肉与膀胱和尿道括约肌。

Causes of urge incontinence may include:的原因， 急迫性尿失禁可能包括：

  • Infections of the bladder or urinary tract, including cystitis;感染的膀胱或尿路，包括膀胱炎;
  • Sphincter disorders or neurological disorders that affect the nerves including stroke, Parkinson's disease, brain tumours, Multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury;括约肌功能障碍或神经系统紊乱，影响神经，包括中风，帕金森氏症，脑肿瘤，多发性硬化症，脊髓损伤;
  • Forms of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease;形式的老年痴呆症，如阿尔茨海默病;
  • Blockages caused by bladder stones or very occasionally tumours;淤塞所造成的膀胱结石或非常偶尔肿瘤;
  • An irritable or unstable bladder where the bladder muscle tightens from time to time, pushing out a little urine into the top of the urethra where the sphincter helps to keep the tube closed. 1肠易激或不稳定膀胱而膀胱肌肉收紧，从时间，以时间，推了一个小尿到上方的尿道下括约肌有助于保持管封闭。 The pressure of urine at this point causes a strong desire to relax the sphincter and pass urine.的压力，尿液在这一点上的原因的强烈愿望，放宽括约肌，并通过尿液。

Overflow incontinence occurs when the bladder fills but because of an obstruction such as an enlarged prostate gland, it cannot be empted normally. 溢流性尿失禁发生时，膀胱填补，但由于一阻塞，如扩大的前列腺，但不能避免正常。 Once full, the bladder overflows and leaks small amounts of urine on an almost continuous basis.一旦充分，膀胱溢出和泄漏少量的尿液对一个几乎持续不断的基础上。