Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单

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Kidney transplant肾移植

Kidney transplantation is the transfer of a healthy kidney from one person (the donor) into the body of a person who has little or no kidney activity (the recipient).肾移植是转移一个健康的肾从一人（捐助者）到某人身体，谁已很少或根本没有肾活动（收件人） 。 A person needs only one kidney to survive (indeed some people are born with only one working kidney).一个人的需要，只有一个肾的生存（事实上，有些人是天生只有一个工作肾脏） 。 So the donor can be living, or recently deceased.因此，捐助者可以居住，或者最近死者。

There are two main problems with kidney transplantation.主要有两个问题与肾移植。 First, there is a shortage of organs from people who have died, so that not everyone with kidney failure receives a transplant, even if they are medically suitable.首先，是有短缺的机关从谁的人已经死亡，因此不是每个人都与肾功能衰竭接受移植手术，即使是医学上合适的。

This shortage can be partially made up by using living donors, usually blood relatives or partners of the person with kidney failure.这一短缺，可部分弥补了用生活的捐助者，通常是血缘亲属或合作伙伴的人肾功能衰竭。 The second problem with kidney transplantation is that the recipient’s body recognises the transplant as if it were an invader, and tries to destroy it.第二个问题是与肾移植，是因为recipientâ € ™ S车身认识到，作为移植，如果这是一个侵略者，并试图摧毁它。 This is called rejection.这就是所谓的排斥反应。

The recipient of a kidney transplant has to take a powerful cocktail of drugs to prevent rejection and treat the complications of the anti-rejection drugs.收件人的一个肾脏移植已采取了强大的鸡尾酒药物，以防止排斥反应和治疗并发症的抗排斥的药物。