Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单
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Treatment of Rabies治疗狂犬病
If an animal that is possibly infected with rabies bites you, you must be treated promptly.如果一种动物是可能感染狂犬病咬你，你必须治疗及时。 Rabies is fatal once symptoms develop.狂犬病是致命的，一旦症状的发展。 Medical advice should be sought for any animal bite, and a tetanus injection given.医生的意见，应该寻求任何动物咬伤，并注射破伤风。
Symptoms can usually be prevented from developing if proper treatment is started immediately after being bitten.症状通常可以阻止来自发展中国家，如果适当的治疗，是开始后，立即被咬伤。 Early treatment is especially important following bites on the face.早期治疗尤为重要以下叮咬就面对。 Immediately after being bitten, you should:后，立即被咬伤，您应该：
- Wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water under a running tap.清洗伤口彻底用肥皂和水下运行的自来水。
- Use antiseptic or alcohol to clean the wound, if available.使用防腐剂或酒精清洁伤口，如果可用。
- Apply ethanol, tincture or aqueous solution of iodine, if available.适用于乙醇，酊或水溶液中的碘，如果可用。
- Leave the wound open.离开伤口开放。 Do not attempt to stitch it.不要尝试缝合。
- Go to the nearest doctor or hospital and explain you have been bitten.去就近的医生或医院，并解释你已被咬伤。
If you have not been vaccinated before you were bitten, human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG), also known as ‘passive immunisation’, will be injected around the bite to neutralise the virus before it gets into the body.如果您有未接受注射前，你被咬伤，人狂犬病免疫球蛋白（ hrig ） ，也称为â € 〜被动immunisationâ € ™ ，将注资约咬，以消除病毒之前，它进入人体。 This substance binds to the virus so that the immune system can destroy it.这种物质具有约束力，该病毒使免疫系统能摧毁它。 In addition, a longer-lasting rabies vaccine (active immunisation) should be given in 5-6 doses over 30 days.此外，在持续时间更长狂犬病疫苗（主动免疫）应考虑在5月6日剂量超过30天。 The vaccine is given into the arm and is relatively painless, with minimal side effects that may include headaches, fever, nausea, muscle aches, and dizziness.疫苗是给予到手臂和相对无痛，最小的副作用可能包括头痛，发烧，恶心，肌肉疼痛，头晕。
If you have already been vaccinated before being bitten (the pre-exposure vaccine), two doses of the rabies vaccine will be given: one at the time of the bite, and one 3-7 days later.如果您已接受注射前，被咬伤（接触前疫苗） ，两剂狂犬病疫苗，将给予：一是在时间的叮咬，和1 3-7天之后。 The body should respond to treatment quickly.该机构应当作出回应，尽快治疗。 The immunoglobulin is not generally needed in this instance.免疫球蛋白不是一般需要在这方面，例如。
- Although human-to-human contact is not known to have happened, anyone who has had intimate contact with an infected person should also be treated with the vaccine.虽然人类接触，不知道发生了，谁曾亲密接触感染者也应治疗禽流感疫苗。
- Where possible, the suspect animal should be captured and observed for 5-10 days (see ‘diagnosis’).如有可能，怀疑动物应加以收集和观察为5-10天（见â € 〜 diagnosisâ € ™ ） 。
- Inform the police and relevant authorities.通知警方和有关当局。
- If you are abroad, seek medical advice on your return to the UK.如果您身在国外，寻求医生的意见，在您返回英国。
If the infected person is not treated and symptoms have developed (see ‘symptoms’), rabies is said to be ‘established’.如果受感染的人是没有症状的治疗和发展（见â € 〜 symptomsâ € ™ ） ，狂犬病是说要â € 〜 establishedâ € ™ 。 In this situation, nothing can be done, except keep them comfortable.在这种情况下，什么事情也做不好，除了让他们舒服。 They should be nursed in a darkened room and their symptoms kept under control with equipment and medication.他们应该护理在微暗的房间和他们的症状受到控制的设备和药物。 Death is now almost inevitable.死亡是现在几乎是不可避免的。
A very small number of patients with established rabies have been successfully treated, using heavy sedation and intensive care facilities to maintain the action of the heart and the respiratory system, but those who have survived have suffered long term disability.极少数的患者建立了狂犬病已成功地治疗，使用重型镇静和密集的服务设施，以维持行动的心脏和呼吸系统，但那些幸存下来谁遭受了长期伤残。
