Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单
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| | N | | n | | | O | | o | | | P | | p | | | Q | |常见问题 | | | R | | 研究 | | | S | | | | | T | | 吨 | | | U | | u | | | V | | v | | | W | | 瓦特 | | | X | | x | | | Y | | y | |
Treatment of Thalassaemia治疗地中海贫血病
Treatment for Beta thalassaemia major involves you having regular blood transfusions, which take place every six to eight weeks, depending on the severity of the anaemia.治疗地中海贫血病的主要测试涉及您定期输血，其中考虑的地方，每六至八个星期，视乎有关的严重程度贫血。 Excess iron builds up in your body from these regular transfusions.过剩的铁积聚在你的身体从这些定期输血。 This is called iron overload.这就是所谓的铁负荷。 If this is left untreated, iron will build up in your body, leading to a condition called haemosiderosis.如果这是未经处理的左，钢铁意志，建立在你的身体，导致了条件，所谓haemosiderosis 。 This can cause serious long-term damage such as heart failure and liver failure.这可能会导致严重的长期损害，如心脏衰竭和肝功能衰竭。
Iron overload is kept under control by treatment with a medicine called desferrioxamine, to achieve a more normal level of iron in the body.铁负荷是受到控制治疗与中医所谓的desferrioxamine ，以实现一个更加正常水平的铁在体内的。 Desferrioxamine works by binding (the chemical term is “chelating†) with the iron in your blood and the chelated iron is then removed by the kidneys (excretion) from the body. desferrioxamine工程，通过有约束力的（化学的任期是â € œchelatingâ € ）与铁在你的血液和络合铁，然后拆除，由肾脏（排泄）由身体。 Desferrioxamine has to be given by injection, usually by a slow injection under the skin via a small device or pump over eight to twelve hours. desferrioxamine已得到注射，通常是由一个缓慢注射皮肤下通过一个小装置或泵超过八至十二小时内完成。 You may be taught how to do this yourself at home.您可能会教导如何做这自己在家里。 The amount of desferrioxamine and how often it is given depends on the how much iron you have in your body ie the amount of iron overload.金额desferrioxamine ，以及如何往往是由于依赖于有多少铁，你在你的身体即金额铁负荷。
As you will be receiving this medicine regularly (often daily), it can become tiresome for you or your carer.正如你会接受此药定期（通常每日） ，它可以成为劳累，为您或您的护老者。 So, it is important to understand why desferrioxamine doses should not be missed.所以，重要的是要明白为什么desferrioxamine剂量不应错过。 Sticking to desferrioxamine treatment routines helps protect against serious complications in later life, such as diabetes and heart disease.坚持desferrioxamine处理例程，有助于防止严重的并发症，在以后的生活，如糖尿病和心脏病。 There are also more immediate benefits such as prevention of nausea and sickness caused by iron overload.也有更直接的好处，如预防恶心和疾病所造成的铁超负荷。
Deferipone is another medicine used to treat iron overload. deferipone是另一个医药用于治疗铁超负荷。 It works in a similar way to desferrioxamine but is given by mouth.它在一个类似的方法， desferrioxamine ，但由于是经口。 This medicine is only given to patients in whom desferrioxamine is not suitable or is not tolerated.此药是只给病人中，其中desferrioxamine是不适合或不容忍。
Like all medicines, both desferrioxamine and deferipone may have side effects.象所有药品，都desferrioxamine和deferipone可能有副作用。 You should refer to the manufacturer’s patient information leaflet for further information as well as talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you have any particular concerns.你应该参考该manufacturerâ € ™病人的资料单张的进一步资讯，以及向您的医生或药剂师如果您有任何特别的关注。 If you are receiving either of these medicines you need to be closely monitored by having regular blood tests and eye and ear examinations.如果您收到上述两种药品，您需要密切监察定期抽血化验和眼睛和耳朵考试。 Checks on body weight and height every three months may be carried out in children because their growth can be affected by the condition and, in some cases, by the medicines.检查对人体的身高和体重每3个月可进行，在儿童，因为他们的成长会受条件，在某些情况下，由药物。
Beta thalassaemia intermedia treatment may be the same as for Beta major but as the anaemia is less severe, the need for transfusions or the frequency of tranfusions and need for iron overload treatment will be different according to the severity of the anaemia.试用地中海贫血病的治疗中间，可同时作为测试版的主要但由于贫血症是较不严重，需要输血或频率tranfusions和必要性铁负荷的待遇会有所不同，根据严重程度贫血。
Supplementary treatment 辅助治疗
The time taken for iron to be removed from your body by desferrioxamine is improved by taking a daily dose of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).花费的时间为铁被遣送离境，从你的身体由desferrioxamine是改进，采取了每天服用抗坏血酸（维生素C ） 。 This is prescribed by your doctor according to your age and is usually started one month after starting desferrioxamine treatment.这是由您的医生根据您的年龄和通常是开始一个月后，开始desferrioxamine治疗。 Ascorbic acid prescribed for this purpose should be taken separately from food because it also increases the absorption of iron in food, which you must avoid.抗坏血酸明为此应采取分别从食品，因为它同时也增加了吸收铁的食物，你必须避免。
If you have heart problems, you will not be given ascorbic acid because its combined effect with the iron in the blood may make the heart problem worse.如果您有心脏问题，您将不会获得抗坏血酸，因为它的综合效应与铁在血液中可能会使心脏问题恶化。 Any other multivitamin and mineral supplements should not be taken unless prescribed by a doctor because they can increase or decrease absorption of iron and other minerals.任何其他多种维生素和矿物质补充剂不应该采取的，除非订明由一名医生，因为他们可以增加或减少吸收的铁和其他矿物质。
Other Treatments 其他治疗
Venesection - therapeutic removal of blood from the body - to help deal with excess iron build -up venesection -治疗去除血液从体内-帮助处理过剩的铁积聚
Surgery – removal of the spleen (splenectomy) is sometimes required if the spleen is damaged because it has to remove a larger number of abnormal red cells from the circulation. 手术â € “去除脾脏（脾） ，有时是需要的，如果脾脏是破坏，因为它要删除大量异常红细胞从流通。
Management and reduction of iron in the diet - usually only a small amount of iron is absorbed from the diet, however the absorption is increased when haemoglobin in the blood is low, as in beta Thalassaemia major. 管理和减少铁在国会 -通常只有少量的铁吸收，从饮食，但吸收增加时，血红蛋白在血液中是低的，作为试用版地中海贫血病的主要。 This is especially true between transfusions.这是尤其如此之间的输血。 Therefore iron in the diet should be low (red meat is especially high in iron).因此，铁的饮食，应低（红色肉类，尤其是在高铁） 。 You should be referred to a dietician for advice on diet.你应该转介到营养师的意见的饮食习惯。
Bone marrow transplantation – this can provide a cure for Beta thalassaemia major. 骨髓移植 â € ： “这可以提供一个治疗地中海贫血病的主要测试版。 Bone marrow is transplanted from a matched unaffected sibling or unrelated donor.骨髓移植是从一个匹配不受影响兄弟姊妹或无关供者。 It is best done when the child is very young.最好是做时，儿童是非常年轻。 However, the procedure is painful and, although success rates are improving, they are unpredictable.但是，该过程是痛苦的，虽然成功率正在改善，他们是难以预料的。
There are many emotional, psychological and social effects for the person with thalassaemia and their family, particularly as self- management is so important.有许多的情绪，心理和社会影响的人与地中海贫血病和他们的家人，尤其是自我管理是如此重要。 Psychological support is important in managing chelation therapy and other aspects of the condition.心理支持是非常重要的管理螯合疗法及其他方面的条件。 You may find getting involved with local support groups and voluntary organisations helpful.您可能会发现卷入与当地支持团体和志愿团体的帮助。
