Health encyclopaedia 健康百科全书

Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单

Visual impairment视觉受损

The eye is made of three parts.眼睛是由三部分组成。

• The cornea and lens, which focus light at the front of the eye,角膜和晶状体，其中重点轻在前面的眼睛，
• The retina, a light sensitive film at the back of the eye,在视网膜上，一辆轻型敏感的电影在后面的眼睛，
• and optic nerves, a large collection of communication wires to the brain.和视神经，一个大型的集合通信电线到大脑。

Many people have some sight problems and need to wear glasses or contact lenses.很多人都忽略了一些问题和需要配戴眼镜或隐形眼镜。 The three most common causes of sight problems are:三个最常见的原因是忽视的问题：

Long-sightedness 长期近视

The medical name for long-sightedness is hypermetropia.医学名称为长期近视，是远视。 People with long-sightedness have difficulty seeing close-up objects.人民长期的近视有困难看清近处的行动对象。 This is because the eyeball is too short, causing the light rays around objects to travel behind the retina, because they haven’t been bent enough by the cornea and lens.这是因为眼球的是时间太短，造成光线周围物体的旅行背后的视网膜，因为他们havenâ € ™吨执意不够的，由角膜和晶状体。

Long-sightedness often becomes worse as you get older and can also affect the way you see distant objects.长期近视往往成为恶化，你年纪还可以影响的方式你看远处的物体。 People with long-sightedness usually need to wear corrective eyewear such as glasses or contact lenses to read, write and carry out detailed tasks.人民长期的近视通常需要戴上矫正眼镜，如眼镜或隐形眼镜，以读，写和进行详细的任务。

Short-sightedness 短视

The medical name for short-sightedness is myopia.医学名称为短视，是近视眼。 People with short-sightedness have difficulty seeing distant objects because the eyeball is too long, causing the light rays from objects to travel to the front of the retina, having been bent too much by the cornea and lens.人与短视有困难的看到远处的物体，因为眼球过长，造成光线从物体前往前线的视网膜后，执意太多的眼角膜和镜头。

Between a quarter and a third of people in the UK are shortsighted.之间的四分之一和三分之一的人在英国，是短视的。 People with short-sightedness usually need to wear corrective eyewear such as glasses or contact lenses to drive and carry out tasks that involve looking at far-off objects.人与短视，通常需要配戴矫正眼镜，如眼镜或隐形眼镜，以推动及执行的任务，涉及来看，到目前为止，小康对象。 Shortsightedness may also sometimes be treated with laser surgery.短视，也可能有时会激光治疗手术。

Astigmatism 散光

Astigmatism is when the cornea is unevenly shaped, causing light be focussed on some, but not all parts of an object.散光时，角膜是很不平衡的形，造成轻集中于一些，但并非所有部分的一个对象。 People without sight difficulties have basketball-shaped corneas, whereas people with astigmatism have rugby ball-shaped corneas.人们没有看到困难，有篮球形的眼角膜，而人与散光有橄榄球形的眼角膜。

People with astigmatism usually need to wear glasses or contact lenses to correct their vision.人与散光通常需要配戴眼镜或隐形眼镜，以纠正他们的视野。

Visual impairment is used to describe people who are blind or partially sighted, as opposed to long or short-sighted.视觉受损的是被用来形容人谁是失明或部分有远见的，作为反对长期或短视的。 A person with a visual impairment has some loss or distortion of their vision.一个人与一视障有一定的损失或歪曲他们的视野。 Depending on how severe the sight loss is, the conditions are usually known as partial sightedness or blindness.视如何严重的视线损失，条件是通常称为局部近视或失明。

Partial sightedness 部分近视

A person with partial sight or severe low vision has a serious loss of sight but is not blind.一个人与部分视线或严重低视力已严重损失的视线，但并不是盲目的。 This has been defined by the World Health Organisation as a person who cannot clearly see how many fingers are being held up at a distance of 6 metres or less (even with their glasses or lenses on).这已确定了由世界卫生组织作为一个人谁不能清楚地看到有多少手指被关押在距离6米或以下的（甚至与他们的眼镜或隐形眼镜） 。

Blindness 失明

A person who is blind has very severe sight loss and is unable to clearly see how many fingers are being held up at a distance of three metres or less (even with their glasses or lenses on).一个人谁是盲已非常严重忽略的损失是无法清楚地看到有多少手指被关押在距离3米或以下的（甚至与他们的眼镜或隐形眼镜） 。 However, they may still have some degree of vision.不过，他们仍可能有某种程度的视野。

• Symptoms 症状
• Causes 原因
• Diagnosis 诊断
• Prevention 预防

• Vaginismus 阴道痉挛 Varicose veins 静脉曲张 Vasectomy 输精管结扎术 Vertigo 眩晕 Visual impairment 视觉受损 Vitiligo 白癜风

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