Health encyclopaedia - Alphabetical Topic List健康百科全书-按字母顺序排列的主题清单
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| | N | | n | | | O | | o | | | P | | p | | | Q | |常见问题 | | | R | | 研究 | | | S | | | | | T | | 吨 | | | U | | u | | | V | | v | | | W | | 瓦特 | | | X | | x | | | Y | | y | |
Diagnosis of Visual impairment诊断视觉受损
The main diagnostic tests is a simple eye test involves reading letters from a chart.主要诊断测试是一个简单的眼科测试涉及读信，从图表。 The letters become progressively smaller on each line of the chart.信件逐渐较小，每行的图表。 If you are taking the test for the first time, you should not use your glasses or contact lenses.如果您正在测试的第一时间，你不应该使用您的眼镜或隐形眼镜。 If you have taken the test before and have previously been prescribed glasses or contact lenses, your optician may want you to take the test while wearing your glasses or contact lenses.如果您所采取的测试之前，和以前曾明眼镜或隐形眼镜，您的配镜师可能要你参加测试的同时，身穿您的眼镜或隐形眼镜。
If you can only read the top line of the eye chart, you may be eligible to register as blind or partially sighted.如果你只可以阅读顶端线眼图，你可能有资格登记为失明或弱视。 You will need to be referred by your GP or optician to a hospital eye doctor who will carry out further tests and write to you local social services department confirming that you have been diagnosed as blind or partially sighted.You may also be registered as blind or partially sighted if you can read the first three lines of the chart but have a very restricted field of vision.您将需要转介由你的家庭医生或配镜到医院眼科医师谁，将进行进一步的测试和写信给你当地的社会服务部门，确认您已被确诊为失明或部分sighted.you也可登记为失明或部分有远见的，如果您可以读取头三行图表，但有一个非常受限制的视野。
If your optician decides that you may need to wear glasses or contact lenses, you will need to take further tests to work out exactly what kind of glasses you need.如果您的配镜决定，您可能需要配戴眼镜或隐形眼镜，您将需要采取进一步的测试工作，到底什么样的眼镜，您所需要的。 You may be asked to wear special lenses to look at various charts containing different letters or colours.您可能会被要求穿特别的镜头看各种图表，载有不同的字母或颜色。
Your optician will also look for signs of eye conditions such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, by shining a light into your eyes to see how well they react to light.您的配镜师也将寻找的迹象，眼条件，如青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变，擦一光进入你的眼睛，看看如何，以及它们的反应轻。
At the end of the eye test, your optician will discuss the results of the test with you and advise you of your best course of action.在去年底的眼睛测试，您的配镜师将讨论测试结果与你和提醒你，你最好的行动。 They will also provide you with a certificate to say that you do not need to wear glasses or contact lenses, or give you a prescription for the type of glasses or contact lenses that you need to wear.他们还将为您提供一份证书，证明说，您不需要配戴眼镜或隐形眼镜，或给你一个处方类型眼镜或隐形眼镜，你需要磨损。 You can use this prescription at any optician.您可以使用这个处方在任何配镜。
If you are at a higher risk of conditions such as glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy, or your optician has found signs of these conditions, you may need to have further tests:如果你正处于一个风险较高的条件，如青光眼或糖尿病视网膜病变，或您的配镜师已发现的迹象，这些条件，您可能需要有进一步的检验：
- A Visual Field Test (also sometimes called the Humphrey Visual Field Assessment or perimetry) tests for peripheral or side vision.视觉实地测试（有时也称为汉弗莱视觉实地评估或视野）测试周边或副作用的远见。 During this test one of your eyes is covered while you focus your other eye on a central point.在测试的过程中的一个你的眼睛是涵盖，而你的重点您的其他着眼于一个中央点。 Random lights are flashed around this central point and you must hit a buzzer every time you see a flashing light.随机灯flashed解决这个问题的中心点，你必须击中一蜂鸣器每一次您看到一个闪灯。 The lights appear at various intervals and in different places on the screen.灯光出现在各种时间间隔和在不同的地方在屏幕上。 They may also be of varying brightness.他们也可能是不同的亮度。 The test is then repeated with the other eye covered.测试，然后多次与其他眼科所涵盖的。 In total, the test should take about 45 minutes to complete.在其中，测试应需时约45分钟才能完成。
- Tonometry is also used to test for conditions such as glaucoma.张力测量也可以用来测试条件，如青光眼。 Tonometry is a method of measuring the pressure inside the eyeball.张力测量是测量方法的压力，内眼球。 This can be done using a tonometer, a sensor that blows a small amount of air at the eyeball and then tests how much indentation the air has caused.这是可以做到使用眼压计，传感器的冲击少量的空气在眼球，然后测试，多少压痕的空气造成。 Sometimes the tonometer is placed directly against the eyeball and pressure is applied in order for a reading to be taken.有时眼压计是直接放在对眼球的压力，是适用于为了让读将要采取的。 Tonometry may cause a small amount of discomfort.张力测量可能会造成少量的不适。
- Ophthalmoscopy is a method a doctor can use to look at the inside of the eye in detail including the optic nerve. ophthalmoscopy是一个方法，医生可以使用看看里面的眼睛详细的包括视神经。 A small torch is used very close to the eyeball to allow the doctor to spot any abnormalities.一个小火炬是用非常接近眼球，让医生现场任何异常。
